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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofPoreVolumeandPoreVolumeDistributionofSoilandRockbyMercuryIntrusionPorosimetry
【原文标准名称】:用水银注入岩孔率计测定土壤和岩石孔隙容积与孔隙容积分布的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4404-1984(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1984
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.06
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:土壤;孔隙率;孔隙率;孔隙;频率分布;孔容;汞;液体导电率;液压导电率;渗透率;孔容量;土壤物理学
【英文主题词】:frequencydistribution;hydraulicconductivity;mercury;permeability;poredistribution;porevolume;poresize;porosimetry;porosity;soil;soilphysics;voids
【摘要】:Thistestmethodisintendedforuseindeterminingthevolumeandthevolumedistributionofporesinsoilandrockwithrespecttotheapparentdiameteroftheentrancesofthepores.Ingeneral,boththesizeandvolumeoftheporesaffectsthesoilorrockperformance.Thus,theporevolumedistributionisusefulinunderstandingsoilandrockperformanceandinidentifyingamaterialthatcanbeexpectedtoperforminaparticularmanner(1,2).41.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheporevolumeandtheporevolumedistributionsofsoilandrockbythemercuryintrusionporosimetrymethod.Therangeofapparentdiametersofporesforwhichthistestmethodisapplicableisfixedbytheoperantpressurerangeofthetestinginstrument.Thisrangeistypicallybetweenapparentporeentrancediametersofabout100[mu]mand2.5nm(0.0025[mu]m).Largerporesmustbemeasuredbyanothermethod.1.2Mercuryintrusionporosimetryisusefulonlyformeasuringporesopentotheoutsideofasoilorrockfragment;mercuryintrusionporosimetrywillnotgivethevolumeofanyporescompletelyenclosedbysurroundingsolids.Thistestmethodwillgiveonlythevolumeofintrudableporesthathaveanapparentdiametercorrespondingtoapressurewithinthepressurizingrangeofthetestinginstrument.1.3Theintrusionprocessproceedsfromtheoutsideofafragmenttowarditscenter.Comparativelylargeinteriorporescanexistthathavesmallerporesastheonlymeansofaccess.Mercuryintrusionporosimetrywillincorrectlyregistertheentirevolumeofthese"ink-bottle"poresashavingtheapparentdiameterofthesmalleraccesspores.Inatestsample,inter-fragmentporescanexistinadditiontointra-fragmentpores(seeSection3fordefinitions).Theinter-fragmentporeswillvaryinsizeandvolumedependingonthesizeandshapeofthesoilorrockfragmentsandonthemannerinwhichthefragmentsarepackedtogether.Itispossiblethatsomeinter-fragmentporescanhavethesameapparentdiameterassomeintra-fragmentpores.Whenthisoccursthistestmethodcannotdistinguishbetweenthem.Thus,thetestmethodyieldsanintrudedporevolumedistributionthatisinpartdependentuponthepackingofmultifragmentsamples.However,mostsoilsandrockshaveintra-fragmentporesmuchsmallerthantheinter-fragmentpores.Thissituationleadstoabi-modalporesizedistributionandthedistinctionbetweenthetwoclassesofporescanthenbemade(seeFigs.1and2).1.4Mercuryintrusionmayinvolvetheapplicationofhighpressurestothesample.Thismayresultinatemporary,orpermanent,ortemporaryandpermanentalterationintheporegeometry.Generally,soilsandrocksarecomposedofcomparativelystrongsolidsandarelesssubjecttothesealterationsthancertainothermaterials.However,thepossibilityremainsthattheuseofthistestmethodmayalterthenaturalporevolumedistributionthatisbeingmeasured.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoconsultandestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Forspecificprecautionstatements,seeSection8.
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:6P.;A4
【正文语种】: