【英文标准名称】:Butadienerubber(BR)-Solution-polymerizedtypes-Evaluationprocedures.
【原文标准名称】:丁二烯橡胶(BR).溶液聚合型.评估程序
【标准号】:NFT43-011-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2010-02-01
【实施或试行日期】:2010-02-27
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(FR-AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:丁二烯;丁二烯橡胶;化学分析和试验;物理试验;聚合物;生橡胶;橡胶;划痕试验程序;试验;硫化橡胶
【英文主题词】:Butadiene;Butadienerubbers;Chemicalanalysisandtesting;Physicaltesting;Polymerisates;Rawrubber;Rubber;Scoringprocedures(tests);Testing;Vulcanizatedrubber
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:G34
【国际标准分类号】:83_060
【页数】:23P;A4
【正文语种】:其他


【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforLimitingWater-InducedDamagetoBuildings
【原文标准名称】:建筑物抗水损坏极限的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME241-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E06.41
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:buildings;moistureinduced;waterinduceddamage;Buildingmaterials/applications;Damageassessment;Deterioration;Durability;Water-induceddamage;Waterpenetration
【摘要】:Moisturedegradationisfrequentlyasignificantfactorthateitherlimitstheusefullifeofabuildingornecessitatescostlyrepairs.Examplesofmoisturedegradationinclude:(1)decayofwood-basedmaterials,(2)spallingofmasonrycausedbyfreeze-thawcycles,(3)damagetogypsumplastersbydissolution,(4)corrosionofmetals,(5)damageduetoexpansionofmaterialsorcomponents(byswellingduetomoisturepickup,orbyexpansionduetocorrosion,hydration,ordelayedettringiteformation),(6)spallinganddegradationcausedbysaltmigration,(7)failureoffinishes,and(8)creepdeformationandreductioninstrengthorstiffness.Moistureaccumulationwithinconstructioncomponentsorconstructionsmayadverselyaffectserviceabilityofabuilding,withoutnecessarilycausingimmediateandseriousdegradationoftheconstructioncomponents.Examplesofsuchserviceabilityissuesare:(1)indoorairquality,(2)electricalsafety,(3)degradationofthermalperformanceofinsulations,and(4)declineinphysicalappearance.Moldormildewgrowthcaninfluenceindoorairqualityandphysicalappearance.Withsomecomponents,inparticularinteriorsurfacefinishes,moldormildewgrowthmaylimitservicelifeofthecomponent.Moistureconditionsthataffectserviceabilityissuescanfrequentlybeexpected,unlesscorrected,toeventuallyresultindegradationofthebuildingoritscomponents.Thisguidedoesnotattempthowevertoaddressserviceabilityissuesthatcouldbecorrectedbycleaningandchangeinbuildingoperation,andthatwouldnotrequirerepairorreplacementofcomponentstoreturnthebuilding(orportionsorcomponentsofthebuilding)toserviceability.Preventionofwater-induceddamagemustbeconsideredthroughouttheconstructionprocessincludingthevariousstagesofthedesignprocess,construction,andbuildingcommissioning.Itmustalsobeconsideredinbuildingoperationandmaintenance,andwhenthebuildingisrenovated,rehabilitatedorundergoesachangeinuse.Thisguideisintendedtoalertdesignersandbuilders,andalsobuildingownersandmanagers,topotentialdamagesthatmaybeinducedbywater,regardlessofitssource.Thisguidediscussesmoisturesourcesandmoisturemigration.Limitstates(orspecificmoistureconditionsthatarelikelytoimpactconstructionorcomponentdurability)anddesignmethodsarealsocursorilydiscussed.Examplesofpracticesthatenhancedurabilityarelistedanddiscussed,asareexamplesofconstructionsorcircumstancestoavoid.Theexampleslistedarenotall-inclusive.Lastly,fieldchecklistsaregiven.Thechecklistsarenotintendedforuseasis,butasguidesfordevelopmentofchecklistswhichmayvarywithspecificbuildingdesignsandclimates.1.1Thisguideconcernsbuildingdesign,construction,commissioning,operation,andmaintenance.1.2Thisguideaddressestheneedforsystematicevaluationoffactorsthatcanresultinmoisture-induceddamagetoabuildingoritscomponents.Althoughofgreatpotentialimportance,serviceabilityissueswhichareoften,butnotnecessarily,relatedtophysicaldamageofthebuildingoritscomponents(forexample,indoorairqualityorelectricalsafety)arenotdirectlyaddressedinthisguide.1.3Theemphasisofthisguideisonlow-risebuildings.Portionsofthisguide;inparticularSections5,6,and7;mayalsobeapplicabletohigh-risebuildings.1.4Thisguideisnotintendedfordirectuseincodesandspecifications.Itdoesnotattempttoprescribeacceptablelimitsofdamage.Buildingsintendedfordifferentusesmayhavedifferentservicelifeexpectancies,andexpectedservicelivesofdifferentcomponentswithinagivenbuildingoftendiffer.Furthermore,somebuildingownersmaybesatisfiedwithsubstantiallyshorterservicelifeexpectancies......
【中国标准分类号】:P31
【国际标准分类号】:91_120_30
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语